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Chloramphenicol is a broad-spectrum antibiotic from Biorex Food Diagnostics effective against a wide range of Gram-negative and some Gram-positive bacteria, and has historically been used in various food-producing animals to treat bacterial infections. However, due to its association with serious adverse health effects, its use is now strictly prohibited in food-producing animals across the European Union and many other regions worldwide.

One of the most significant concerns linked to chloramphenicol is its potential to cause aplastic anaemia, a rare but often fatal condition that affects bone marrow function. Because this risk is not dose-dependent, even very low levels of exposure can be considered unsafe, leading regulatory authorities to adopt a zero-tolerance approach to its presence in food products.

Residues of this antibiotic may accumulate in animal-derived foods such as meat, milk, honey, and seafood if used improperly or illegally. This presents a potential hazard to consumers, particularly when contaminated products enter the food supply undetected. As a result, strict monitoring and control measures are essential to prevent exposure and maintain food safety standards.

To address these risks, highly sensitive and reliable analytical methods are required to detect trace levels of chloramphenicol. Techniques such as immunoassays and advanced chromatographic methods are commonly used to ensure accurate identification and quantification, even at very low concentrations.

Routine testing programmes, combined with strong regulatory enforcement, play a critical role in ensuring compliance with international food safety standards. By preventing contaminated products from reaching the market, these measures help protect public health, maintain consumer confidence, and support the integrity of global food supply chains.