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Tetracyclines are broad-spectrum antibiotics widely used in food-producing animals. They treat bacterial infections such as respiratory, enteric, and soft tissue diseases. They also play a role in disease prevention in some veterinary settings. In the past, producers used them at sub-therapeutic levels as growth promoters in livestock.

Many regions have now banned antibiotic use for growth promotion. This includes the United States and the European Union. The European Commission highlighted this change in Press Release IP/05/1687 (22 December 2005). The decision followed rising concerns about antimicrobial resistance. Authorities also raised concerns about potential allergic reactions in humans and animals linked to antibiotic residues in food.

Common veterinary tetracyclines include tetracycline, chlortetracycline, oxytetracycline, and doxycycline. Veterinarians still use these compounds in animal health management. However, strict controls now limit their use to reduce residue entry into the food chain.

Regulatory authorities set Maximum Residue Limits (MRLs) to protect consumers. In the European Union, chlortetracycline, oxytetracycline, and tetracycline must not exceed 100 ng/ml (ppb) in muscle tissue. This limit applies under Commission Regulation (EU) 37/2010. It covers both domestic and imported food products to ensure consistent safety standards.

Food safety programmes now include routine monitoring for tetracycline residues. Testing confirms compliance with regulatory limits and helps prevent contaminated products from reaching consumers. It also supports responsible antibiotic use in veterinary practice. This reduces the risk of antimicrobial resistance while protecting animal health and welfare.

Strong regulation, regular surveillance, and reliable analytical testing all support safe tetracycline use in food production. These measures help safeguard public health and maintain confidence in the food supply.